Last week, Python 3.14 incorporated a new tail-call interpreter (tail-callintepreter) designed to significantly improve performance, improving performance by about 10% in PyPerformance and about 40% in Python-heavy benchmarks.

learn more:

https://docs.python.org/3.14/whatsnew/3.14.html#whatsnew314-tail-call

The performance of this tail-call in-interpreter even exceeds that of the current Python JIT compiler, but to gain the greatest performance advantage, Python should be built with profile-guided optimization (PGO).

"A new tail-call-based interpreter has been added to CPython. With some newer compilers, the performance of this interpreter is significantly better. Preliminary data on our machines shows that Python code is -3% to 30% faster, with pyperformance achieving a geometric mean speedup of 9-15%, depending on the platform and architecture.

This interpreter currently only works with Clang19 and newer on x86-64 and AArch64 architectures.

This feature is currently optional. We strongly recommend enabling profile boot optimizations in new interpreters, as this is the only configuration we have tested to verify the performance improvement. For more information on how to build Python, see --with-tail-call-interp"

The release plan of Python 3.14 is: the alpha version will last until April, the beta version will be released from May to July, the release candidate version will be released in July and August, and Python 3.14.0 is expected to be released in early October.