Affected by factors such as global warming,Greenland's area "shrinks" while slowly drifting northwest.The study found that Greenland was gradually affected by distortion, pressure and tension caused by plate tectonics and bedrock movement caused by factors such as the melting of the large ice sheets above it and reduced underground pressure.

Research also shows that the entire Greenland has drifted northwestward at a rate of about 2 centimeters per year in the past 20 years. These complex movements have caused Greenland to expand and contract in the horizontal direction, causing Greenland's area to change, stretching in some areas, and being "squeezed together" in some areas. Overall, Greenland has become smaller.

Data show that Greenland is located in the northeast of North America, between the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, with the Canadian Arctic Archipelago to the west. Greenland is a continental island, and its structural basis is an extension of the Canadian Shield of the North American continent.

The vast inland areas of Greenland are shrouded by anticyclones all year round and have a polar ice sheet climate. The annual average temperature is below 0°C, and the absolute minimum temperature is -70°C.