[Cuba's new oil and gas regulations officially come into effect, expanding the scope of participation of private enterprises and foreign investors] On October 20, Cuba's new regulations for the oil and natural gas industry officially came into effect, further expanding the scope of participation of domestic private enterprises and foreign investors in the oil and gas industry, and providing a legal basis for expanding the development of oil and gas resources. The new regulations include Cuba’s Oil and Gas Decree No. 135 and its supporting Implementing Decree No. 184, which were published in Cuba’s Official Gazette on October 12. According to the new regulations, Cuba further relaxes access restrictions in the oil and natural gas industry, allowing qualified domestic and foreign companies and individuals to participate in oil and natural gas exploration, mining, refining, transportation, storage and sales. However, relevant business activities must still obtain licenses in accordance with the law. Underground oil and natural gas resources in Cuba continue to be owned by the entire people, and the state retains the right of first refusal to purchase oil and gas needed to ensure energy security.