Anthropic announced on Wednesday (November 12, 2025) local time that it plans to spend US$50 billion to build artificial intelligence infrastructure in the United States. The first phase will build customized data centers in Texas and New York.
Designed to support the company's rapid growth in its enterprise business and long-term research initiatives, the data centers were developed by Anthropic in partnership with Fluidstack. Fluidstack is an AI cloud platform that provides large-scale GPU cluster services to customers such as Meta, Midjourney, and Mistral.
More sites are expected to follow, with the first data centers expected to be operational in 2026. The project is expected to create 800 permanent jobs and more than 2,000 construction jobs.
At a time when policymakers are increasingly focused on U.S. computing power and technological sovereignty, this investment positions Anthropic to become an important local player in U.S. physical AI infrastructure.
Dario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic, said: "We are getting closer to AI that can accelerate scientific discovery and solve complex problems in ways that were not possible before. Unlocking this potential requires infrastructure that can support the continued development of cutting-edge fields. These data centers will help us build more powerful AI systems, drive breakthrough progress, and create jobs in the United States."
Anthropic’s move comes as its competitor OpenAI is vigorously promoting its own infrastructure. The company behind ChatGPT has secured more than $1.4 trillion in long-term infrastructure commitments through agreements with Nvidia, Broadcom, Oracle, and major cloud service providers such as Microsoft, Google, and Amazon.
The scale of such spending raises a series of questions: Does the United States have the power supply and industrial base to deliver on these commitments? Is the AI industry heading into a bubble?
Anthropic serves more than 300,000 businesses, and enterprise customers are its primary source of revenue. The number of large customers with annual revenue exceeding $100,000 has grown nearly six-fold over the past year. Internal forecasts obtained indicate that Anthropic is on track to break even in 2028, well ahead of OpenAI, which expects to post an operating loss of $74 billion that same year.
To support this growth, Anthropic has chosen to work with Fluidstack to build custom facilities that will be optimized for Anthropic’s AI workloads. Anthropic said Fluidstack was chosen because of its speed of construction and ability to deliver gigawatts of power in a short period of time.
Amazon, meanwhile, has opened a dedicated data center campus for Anthropic on a 1,200-acre site in Indiana. The $11 billion facility is already operational while many competitors are still making promises about the “data center of the future.” In addition, Anthropic has expanded its computing services partnership with Google by tens of billions of dollars.
Anthropic’s move also comes at a time when the U.S. federal government’s role in financing AI infrastructure has become a focus of controversy.
The letter shows that last week OpenAI asked the Trump administration to expand a key tax credit in the CHIPS Act to include AI data centers and power grid components such as transformers.
OpenAI's request for the tax credit came after OpenAI Chief Financial Officer Sarah Friar proposed that the government provide "guarantee" for the company's computing services agreement, a comment that sparked a backlash.
Although OpenAI later withdrew its proposal to be “guaranteed by the federal government,” the incident highlighted the political and financial uncertainty behind “how and by whom” U.S. AI infrastructure will be financed.