According to media reports, Professors Pan Jianwei and Lu Chaoyang of the University of Science and Technology of China collaborated with colleagues such as researcher Zhong Hansen of the Shanghai Quantum Science Research Center/Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory to use artificial intelligence technology to achieve a high degree of parallelism and constant time consumption independent of the array size.Defect-free two- and three-dimensional atomic arrays of up to 2024 atoms were successfully constructed in 60 milliseconds, setting a new world record for the scale of defect-free atomic arrays in neutral atom systems.
The neutral atom system has become a highly potential quantum computing and quantum simulation platform due to its excellent scalability, high-fidelity quantum gates, high parallelism and arbitrary connectivity. This system uses an optical tweezers array to trap neutral atoms. It first needs to convert the initial randomly populated atomic array into a defect-free atomic array through rearrangement technology, and then perform quantum logic gate operations on this basis.
Traditional rearrangement methods are limited by the time complexity, atom loss, calculation speed, etc. that increase with the array size. The array size remains at the level of several hundred atoms and is difficult to expand further.
To overcome this problem, the research team innovatively developed artificial intelligence technology to drive high-speed spatial light modulators in real time for dynamic refresh, and move all atoms simultaneously through precise control of the position and phase of the optical tweezers array.
In this work, the research team demonstrated arbitrary configuration rearrangement of two- and three-dimensional atomic arrays, achieving a defect-free array of up to 2024 atoms, with a total time of only 60 milliseconds.As the size of the atomic array increases, the time consumption of this rearrangement method remains unchanged, so it can be directly applied to defect-free array rearrangements on the scale of tens of thousands of atoms in the future.
At present, the system's single-bit gate fidelity reaches 99.97%, double-bit gate fidelity reaches 99.5%, and detection fidelity reaches 99.92%. It has tied the highest international level represented by Harvard University in the United States, laying a technical foundation for the construction of a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer based on neutral atom arrays.
